What is the name of the process that changes a material's properties through mechanical, thermal, or chemical means?

The process that changes a material's properties through mechanical, thermal, or chemical means is commonly referred to as the "Modification Process." This term encompasses a variety of techniques used to alter the characteristics of a material to enhance its performance, durability, or suitability for specific applications.

Modification can involve physical methods, like mechanical deformation, or chemical methods, such as the introduction of additives that alter its chemical structure. By modifying the properties of a material, manufacturers can achieve desired outcomes, like improved strength, flexibility, or temperature resistance, making it more tailored for particular uses.

The other options, while related to material processing, do not specifically encompass the broad spectrum of changing properties as effectively as the term "Modification Process" does. Conditioning might imply preparing materials for a specific environment or application. Refining usually refers to the purification of materials rather than altering their fundamental properties. Reinforcement typically focuses on improving strength or support but does not necessarily involve a holistic change through various means.