Which system is characterized by outputs that are influenced to change over time in a desired manner?

The correct answer is a control system. In control systems, outputs are continuously monitored and adjusted based on feedback, ensuring that they respond in a desired way over time. This system relies on mechanisms to maintain stability and performance despite external disturbances or changes within the system itself.

Control systems are often employed in various applications, from simple heating systems that regulate temperature to complex robotics. They utilize feedback to assess the performance of the output in real-time and make necessary adjustments, providing the means to control processes effectively.

While feedback systems and closed-loop systems share characteristics with control systems, a control system is a broader category encompassing all forms of adjustment mechanisms based on feedback. Dynamic systems focus on the changing states of a system over time without explicitly emphasizing the control aspect. Therefore, the most accurate characterization of the described outputs influenced over time is through a control system.