Which term describes a variable that can change independently?

The term that describes a variable that can change independently is the independent variable. In the context of experiments and data analysis, independent variables are those that are manipulated or controlled by the researcher to observe how they affect other variables, called dependent variables. This relationship is fundamental to scientific experimentation because it allows for the evaluation of cause-and-effect scenarios.

Understanding the independent variable is crucial because it represents the factor that the experimenter believes will influence the outcome of the experiment. This variable is plotted on the x-axis in graphs and is adjusted in various conditions to see how it impacts the measurements of the dependent variable.

In contrast, dependent variables rely on the changes made to the independent variable, meaning they respond to its variations. Concepts such as regulated variables and variable control look at other aspects of experimental design but do not specifically refer to the variable that changes independently. Hence, recognizing the independent variable's role is essential for proper experimental design and interpretation of results.